Ancient Fish Traps of Fishguard and Goodwick
The very presence of these traps is closely linked to the Norse-derived name Fiskigardr, meaning “fish enclosure,” suggesting that Nordic settlers or influences may have contributed to the development or refinement of these early fishing techniques in the region.
Ancient Fish Traps of Fishguard and Goodwick
Goodwick, situated adjacent to Fishguard, is renowned for its remarkable ancient submerged stone fish traps, which survive as some of the most significant archaeological features along the Pembrokeshire coastline. These carefully constructed enclosures offer an exceptional window into the fishing practices of early coastal communities, revealing how local populations ingeniously adapted to the rhythms of tides to secure a reliable source of food and livelihood.
The very presence of these traps is closely linked to the Norse-derived name Fiskigardr, meaning “fish enclosure,” suggesting that Nordic settlers or influences may have contributed to the development or refinement of these early fishing techniques in the region. Their continued visibility today provides a direct, tangible connection between the modern landscape and the coastal economy of past inhabitants.
Two principal stone fish traps are recorded in Goodwick Bay: the North-West Trap and the South-East Trap. The North-West Trap, partially damaged during nineteenth-century railway construction, remains the better-known of the two and continues to attract recreational fishermen, particularly those targeting bass.
The South-East Trap, in contrast, is far less familiar, even among locals, as it becomes fully visible only during exceptionally low spring tides. When exposed, both traps reveal characteristic V-shaped or hooked stone walls that extend from the shoreline into the shallows, demonstrating the careful planning and considerable labour involved in their construction. The scale, alignment, and preservation of these enclosures attest to the sophistication of an otherwise simple but highly effective fishing technology.
Functionally, the traps relied entirely on the natural rhythm of the tides. Fish would swim into the open arms of the V-shaped enclosure at high tide, entering the trap unknowingly. As the tide receded, the water outside the enclosure drained more rapidly than the interior, leaving the fish stranded within the stone walls. This ingenious method allowed fishermen to harvest their catch efficiently without the need for nets, boats, or more complex equipment.
Such tidal fish traps were widespread across the British Isles in medieval and earlier periods, but the examples at Goodwick are particularly well preserved, making them invaluable for understanding local maritime heritage and pre-industrial subsistence strategies.
Historical records indicate that the North-West Trap was noted as early as the eighteenth century, although the construction technique itself may date back much earlier, possibly to medieval times or even before. Archaeologists suggest that these structures were maintained and adapted over centuries, reflecting a continuity of coastal occupation and the enduring importance of fishing to the local economy. Modern visitors wishing to view the traps must carefully consult tide tables, as the South-East Trap, in particular, is only fully visible at very low spring tides, typically around 0.5 metres or lower.
At these rare moments, the stone outlines emerge sharply from the water, offering a striking visual demonstration of ancient ingenuity and providing a unique opportunity to engage directly with Fishguard and Goodwick’s maritime past.